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1.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 90(4): 411-421, ago. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1020649

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Evaluar el impacto de un programa comunitario destinado a mejorar la malnutrición de niños y niñas de una comunidad rural del Estado de Chiapas, México, 2013. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Estudio descriptivo de la evaluación de un programa a partir de una base de datos secundaria con datos nutricionales en 113 niños menores de cinco años de una zona rural de México. La intervención y el relevamiento se realizaron durante el 2013. Se registraron mediciones basales y a los 4 meses. Para el cálculo de indicadores del estado nutricional se utilizó el Software Anthro de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Se estimaron: Peso para edad (P/E); Talla para edad (T/E); Peso para talla (P/T); Índice de masa corporal para la edad (IMC/E), según los lineamientos de la OMS. Se calcula ron medidas de posición y dispersión, prueba T de Student, Kruskal-Wallis, test de MacNemar para datos pareados y regresión lineal simple. RESULTADOS: Entre el inicio y final la mediana del Z Peso/ talla pasó de -0,7 (p25 -1,24; p75 -0,01) a -0,62 (p25 -1,09; p75 -0,15). La prevalencia de bajo peso descendió de 5,31% (IC 2,38-11,44) a 4,42 % (IC 1,83-10,32) (Z Score IMC/edad). El peso adecuado según Z Score Peso/talla aumentó de 78,76% (IC 70,12-85,43) a 84,96% (76,98-90,51). En el subgrupo con bajo peso inicial la media de Z IMC/edad y Z Peso/talla aumentó 0,4 (p = 0,003). El cambio en la media de Z Peso/talla fue de 0,02 puntos en el subgrupo que recibió programa de trasferencia directa y de -0,3 en el que no (p = 0,020). CONCLUSIONES: Se concluye que el programa comunitario durante los 4 meses de implementación contribuyó a mejorar algunos indicadores antropométricos; aunque no se encontraron efectos aparentes en indicadores relacionados a la desnutrición crónica.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of a community program aimed at improving the children mal nutrition in a rural community of the State of Chiapas, Mexico, 2013. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Des criptive study of the evaluation program from a secondary database of nutritional data registry of 113 children under five years of age in a rural area of Mexico. The intervention and the survey were carried out during 2013. Baseline and 4-month measurements were recorded. The World Health Organization (WHO) Anthro software was used to calculate nutritional status indicators. According to WHO guidelines, the following data were estimated: weight for age (W/A), height for age (H/A), weight for height (W/H), and Body mass index for age (BMI/A). Position and dispersion measures were calculated; Student's T-test, Kruskal-Wallis, and MacNemar test were used for paired data and linear regression. RESULTS: Between the beginning and the end, the median of the Z W/H went from -0.7 (p25 -1.24, p75 -0.01) to -0.62 (p25 -1.09, p75 -0.15). The prevalence of low weight decreased from 5.31% (CI 2.38-11.44) to 4.42% (CI 1.83-10.32) (Z BMI/A). The appropriate weight according to Z score W/H increased from 78.76% (CI 70.12-85.43) to 84.96% (76.98-90.51). In the subgroup with low initial weight, the mean of Z BMI/A and Z W/H increased 0.4 (p = 0.003). The change in the mean of Z W/H was 0.02 points in the subgroup that received the direct transfer program and of -0.3 in which it did not (p = 0.020). CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that the community program during the four months of implementation contributed to improve some anthropometric indicators, although no apparent effects were found in indicators related to chronic malnutrition.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Rural Population , Child Nutrition Disorders/therapy , Nutritional Status , Community Health Services/organization & administration , Body Height , Body Weight , Child Nutrition Disorders/epidemiology , Body Mass Index , Anthropometry , Prevalence , Longitudinal Studies , Mexico
2.
Rev. peru. med. exp. salud publica ; 34(3): 365-376, jul.-sep. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-902937

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Objetivos. Estimar el impacto de un esquema de pago por desempeño, denominado convenios de apoyo presupuestario, aplicado por el Gobierno a las tres regiones con mayores tasas de desnutrición crónica infantil (DCI) en 2008, Apurimac, Ayacucho y Huancavelica, sobre indicadores de cobertura de servicios de cuidado infantil (vacunación, controles de crecimiento y desarrollo infantil, suplemento de hierro) y del estado nutricional del niño (desnutrición, anemia, diarrea). Mediante estos convenios se transferían recursos a los presupuestos de dichas regiones condicionados al cumplimiento de compromisos de gestión y metas de cobertura con el objetivo de mejorar el estado nutricional infantil. Materiales y métodos. A partir de los datos de la Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar de 2008 a 2014, se compara la evolución en los indicadores evaluados de una muestra de niños que residen en los ámbitos donde se suscribieron los convenios y una muestra de control, mientras los convenios estuvieron vigentes y en los años posteriores para reportar el estimador de diferencias en diferencias del impacto promedio de los convenios Resultados. se encuentran impactos positivos sobre el incremento de coberturas de vacunas del esquema básico y de la vacuna rotavirus y, a través de ellos, en la reducción de la ocurrencia de diarrea y desnutrición. Conclusiones. el esquema habría sido efectivo en activar la cadena mayor cobertura de vacunas y menor DCI, pero no parece mejorar la cobertura de otras prestaciones como las atenciones de crecimiento y desarrollo del niño y entrega de suplementos de hierro al niño y gestante.


ABSTRACT To estimate the impact of a payment scheme by performance, known as a budget support agreement, applied by the government in three regions in Peru with the highest rates of chronic malnutrition (CM) in children in 2008-Apurimac, Ayacucho, and Huancavelica-on indicators of health service coverage (immunization, childhood growth and development, and iron supplementation) and the nutritional status of children (malnutrition, anemia, and diarrhea). These agreements were used to transfer resources to the budgets of these regions with the condition of fulfilling management commitments and coverage goals with a view toward improving the nutritional status of children. Materials and methods. Based on data from the Demographic and Family Health Survey conducted from 2008 to 2014, evolution of the indicators in a sample of children residing in the areas where the support programs were signed was compared to that of a control sample in the period in which the agreements were in force and in the subsequent years to estimate differences in the impact of this support strategy. Results. There was a positive impact of the programs on the increase in vaccination coverage provided by the basic health system and rotavirus vaccination, which consequently reduced the rates of diarrhea and malnutrition. Conclusions. The scheme was effective in increasing the vaccination coverage and reducing CM but did not seem to improve the coverage of other benefits, including childhood growth and iron supplementation to children and mothers.


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Public Assistance , Reimbursement, Incentive , Budgets , Child Nutrition Disorders/therapy , Child Health Services/economics , Nutritional Status , Health Impact Assessment , Peru/epidemiology , Time Factors , Child Nutrition Disorders/epidemiology , Chronic Disease , Prevalence , Vaccination/economics
3.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-157551

ABSTRACT

Nutrition of pre-school children (0-5 years age group) is of paramount importance because the foundation for lifetime health, strength and intellectual vitality is laid during this period. Aims: To assess the nutritional status and hemaoglobin status and morphological classification of anaemia of children below five years of age. Settings and Design : Community based cross-sectional study in children below five years of age from urban slum, Nagpur. Methods and Material : A house-to-house survey was done. By systematic random sampling 434 children below five years of age were included in the study. Every child was subjected to anthropometric measurements using standard technique. Haemoglobin estimation was done by using Sahli’s haemoglobinometer and peripheral smear was prepared. Statistical analysis : Data was analyzed on Epi- Info Software 3.2 version. Chi square test is used to test the significance. Result : 52.23 % were suffering from various grades of malnutrition. 32.18 % children were in grade I, 16.09 % in grade II, 3.46 % in grade III and 0.5 % in grade IV malnutrition. 78.71 children had anaemia (Hb < 11gm/dl). It was observed that 34.9 % children had microcytic and hypochromic anaemia, 19.6 % had dimorphic, 13.7% had normocytic normochromic and 7.5% had macrocytic anaemia. Out of these 2 children had sickle cell disease. A statistically significant association was observed between malnutrition and anaemia. Conclusion : Nutritional rehabilitation centers should be started in the community and linked with health centers to treat less severely affected undernourished children.


Subject(s)
Anemia/anatomy & histology , Anemia/classification , Anemia/epidemiology , Anemia/etiology , Anemia/therapy , Chi-Square Distribution , Child, Preschool , Child Nutrition Disorders/anatomy & histology , Child Nutrition Disorders/classification , Child Nutrition Disorders/epidemiology , Child Nutrition Disorders/etiology , Child Nutrition Disorders/therapy , Female , Humans , India , Male , Nutritional Status/epidemiology , Urban Population
4.
Int. j. high dilution res ; 11(38)march 31, 2012. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-658509

ABSTRACT

The present intervention study sought to assess the results of homeopathic treatment in malnourished children aged 1-19 years old below the 3th percentile in the weight-height ratio at San Juan Policlinic, Ranchuelo County, Cuba, between November 2004 and December 2005. A total of 99 children were randomly allocated by Mathcad in two groups, one (n=50) was given homeopathic treatment, and the control group (n=49) that did not. Administration of medication was defined by clinical criteria. Inclusion, exclusion and exit criteria were defined. Variables were identified and operationalized, and the information collected from both groups was interpreted. After one-year follow-up, 42 out of 50 children (84%) treated with homeopathy attained normal weight, whereas only 15 out of 49 (30%) of the children in the control group attained normal weight.


Foi realizado um estudo de intervenção com o objetivo de determinar os resultados do tratamento homeopático em crianças desnutridas por defeito com idade entre 1 e 19 anos no Policlínico San Juan, no município de Ranchuelo, em Cuba, no período dentre novembro de 2004 e dezembro de 2005, que se achavam embaixo do 3º percentil na relação peso-estatura. Um total de 99 crianças foram randomicamente divididas em dois grupos de acordo com o standard de tabelas de números aleatórios geradas no Mathcad e atribuição de números às crianças. O grupo tratado incluiu 50 crianças que receberam tratamento homeopático e o grupo controle incluiu 49 crianças que não recebera este tratamento. O critério clínico foi determinante para a aplicação do medicamente. Foram definidas as variáveis com critério de inclusão, exclusão e saída. Foram identificadas e operacionalizadas as variáveis e foi interpretada a informação colhida de ambos os grupos. Depois de um ano de acompanhamento, 42 das 50 (84%) crianças que receberam tratamento homeopático alcançaram o peso normal, enquanto que 15 das 49 (30%) que não receberam este tratamento alcançaram o peso normal.


Se realizó un estudio de intervención con el objetivo de determinar los resultados del tratamiento homeopático en niños mal nutridos por defecto en edades entre 1-19 años en el Policlínico San Juan, del municipio Ranchuelo, Cuba, en el período comprendido entre noviembre de 2004 a diciembre de 2005, los cuales se encontraban por debajo del 3º percentil de la relación peso-talla. Se conformaron dos grupos de un total 99 niños que se dividieron de forma aleatoria siguiendo el estándar de tablas de números aleatorios generadas en Mathcad y la asignación de números a los niños. Conforman el grupo estudio 50 casos con tratamiento homeopático y el grupo control lo conforman 49 casos que no lo recibieron. El criterio clínico fue determinante en la aplicación del medicamento. Se definieron las variables con criterio de inclusión, exclusión y salida. Se identificaron y se operacionalizaron las variables y se efectuó la interpretación de la información obtenida de los dos grupos, dando como resultado que después de un año de seguimiento de los 50 niños que recibieron tratamiento homeopático, 42 alcanzaron el peso normal (84%) y de los 49 que no utilizó dicha medicación solo alcanzaron el peso normal un total de 15 pacientes (30%).


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Homeopathy , Child Nutrition Disorders/therapy
5.
Cuad. Hosp. Clín ; 54(1): 34-41, 2009. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-779273

ABSTRACT

Pregunta de investigación: ¿Las intervenciones clínicas para el manejo de la desnutrición responden a las características dela desnutrición del menor de cinco años en Bolivia?Objetivo general: Determinar la magnitud, tipos de desnutrición y determinantes directas en menores de cinco años en la red Suroeste de la ciudad de La Paz y contrastar con la atención prestada a este grupo. Diseño: Estudio descriptivo Lugar: Red de Salud No 1 Suroeste Población: Menores de cinco años Métodos: Se realizó muestreo de acuerdo a la prevalencia de la desnutrición aguda, se aplicaron encuestas tanto a las madres de familia como al personal de salud, y se tomaron medidas antropométricas a todos los niños seleccionados. Para esta última actividad se procedió a la estandarización de los instrumentos y capacitación a los antropometristas. Resultados: Se estudiaron 457 niños menores de cinco años, 33% menores de 1 año, 44% entre 1 y <2 años y 23% de 2 a 5años. La desnutrición crónica fue la más frecuente (15%), seguida por la aguda que llega a 13%, y en menor proporción la desnutrición global (7,8%). Los puntos de corte considerados para la desnutrición crónica y la global son por debajo de la -2DE,y para la desnutrición aguda por debajo de la -1DE, el tramo por debajo de -1DE a -2DE representa al grupo en riesgo. Discusión: Según las madres, un 82,5% de los de los niños nacieron en un establecimiento de salud y un 98.6% refirieron darseno materno de manera exclusiva a menores de seis meses, todos los niños recibieron alimentación complementaria entre los6 y 9 meses, la mayoría recibió la alimentación con menor frecuencia a la recomendada y 52,7% en plato propio. La frecuencia de diarrea fue alta, llegando a 55,9 % en Cotahuma. El personal de salud no conocía ni utilizaba indicadores para identificar la desnutricion aguda y crónica, que a la fecha del estudio no formaban parte de las normas, verificándo se que no existían protocolos para el manejo de...


Research question: Do clinical interventions for managing malnutrition respond to the characteristics of malnutrition in children less than 5 years old in Bolivia? General aim: To determine the magnitude, types of malnutrition and direct determinants in children less than 5 years old in the South West network of the city of La Paz and to check with the attention given to this group. Study design: Descriptive Location: Health network No. 1 South West Population: Children less than 5 years old Methods: Samples were taken according to the prevalence of acute malnutrition. Surveys were taken from the mothers as well as from the health personnel, and anthropometric measurements were taken in all selected children. For this last activity the instruments were standardized and the measuring personnel were trained. Results: We studied 457 children less than 5 years old, 33% of these were less than one year old, 44% between 1 and <2 years, and 23% between 2 and 5 years. Chronic malnutrition is the most frequent type of malnutrition (15%), followed by acute malnutrition that reaches 13%, and to a lesser degree global malnutrition (7.8%). The cut-off points considered for chronic and global malnutrition are below the -2SD, and for acute malnutrition below the -1SD the section below the -1SD to -2SD represents the risk group. Discussion: The frequency of diarrhea is high, reaching 55.9% in Cotahuma. The health personnel had no knowledge and did not use indicators for identifying acute and chronic malnutrition. These indicators were not part of the norms at the time of our study. It was seen that among the direct determinants, breast feeding and complementary alimentation require more promotion. There exists discrepancy between the most frequent types of malnutrition in the South West network and the management of malnutrition offered in the health establishments. Acute diarrhea is the...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Malnutrition/epidemiology , Local Health Systems/organization & administration , Child Nutrition Disorders/diagnosis , Infant Nutrition Disorders/diagnosis , Bolivia/epidemiology , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Weight by Age/physiology , Child Nutrition Disorders/therapy , Infant Nutrition Disorders/therapy
6.
Indian J Med Ethics ; 2007 Oct-Dec; 4(4): 196-7
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-53327
9.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 51(2): 106-112, mar.-abr. 2005.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-411148

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a evolução antropométrica, terapia nutricional e mortalidade de crianças desnutridas hospitalizadas em centro de referência. MÉTODOS: Em estudo retrospectivo, avaliou-se 98 prontuários de crianças desnutridas (ZPI<-2), sem doença crônica associada. Dados coletados: diagnóstico à internação (DI), tipo, via e tolerância da dieta, tempo de internação (TINT). Peso e estatura na internação e na alta. Para classificação antropométrica e evolução nutricional utilizou-se: índices peso/estatura (ZPE), estatura/idade (ZE) e peso/idade (ZP) expressos na forma de escore z. A terapia utilizada baseou-se nas normas da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) com adaptações em relação à dieta. Empregou-se sempre fórmulas industrializadas: infantil polimérica isenta de lactose (FI) para crianças com diarréia, com menor conteúdo de lactose (FB) para crianças sem diarréia e infantil semi-elementar contendo proteína do leite de vaca hidrolisada até peptídios (H) para crianças em sepse ou diarréia crônica (fase de estabilização). Para todas as crianças na fase de recuperação nutricional utilizou-se fórmula com menor conteúdo de lactose (FB). Estudo estatístico: teste t-pareado e Qui-quadrado. RESULTADOS: Encontrou-se mediana de idade de 9,8 meses, TINT 17 dias e taxa de letalidade de 2 por cento. Pneumonia e doença diarréica corresponderam a 81,6 por cento dos DI. Observou-se melhora do ZE, ZP e ZPE em 17,3 por cento, 82,7 por cento e 92,2 por cento das crianças, respectivamente. Dieta mais utilizada na admissão foi a FI (47,4 por cento) sendo a fórmula H utilizada em 7,4 por cento das crianças. Na evolução da terapia nutricional, constatou-se uso de sonda em 20,4 por cento e nutrição parenteral em 5,1 por cento das crianças. Em relação à tolerância à dieta, observou-se que 87,8 por cento apresentaram boa evolução com a dieta inicialmente instituída. CONCLUSÕES: O protocolo modificado da OMS foi efetivo no tratamento de crianças gravemente desnutridas, propiciando recuperação nutricional satisfatória com baixo índice de letalidade.


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Child Nutrition Disorders/therapy , Infant Nutrition Disorders/therapy , Nutritional Support/methods , Anthropometry , Brazil , Clinical Protocols , Guidelines as Topic , Hospitalization , Retrospective Studies
12.
Journal of the Arab Board of Medical Specializations. 2003; 5 (4): 97-101
in Arabic | IMEMR | ID: emr-62956

ABSTRACT

A new protocol for the management of severe malnutrition in pediatric patients has been developed during the last decade. The previous protocol was associated with a high mortality rate [40%] and unsatisfactory weight gain. Many patients were still clinically malnourished at the end of the hospital stay. This new protocol utilizes recently acquired knowledge concerning the pathophysiological mechanisms in malnutrition in a management program that has been adopted successfully in many centers. The mortality rate has been reduced to about 5% in some centers, and there has been an improvement in weight gain during hospitalization. The new protocol has been endorsed by the WHO [1999], the Committee on Nutrition in the French Society of Pediatrics [1998], ESPGHAN, and NASPGHAN [2001]. This article discusses the guidelines of the new protocol on a pathophysiological basis


Subject(s)
Humans , World Health Organization , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Infant Mortality , Child Nutrition Disorders/therapy , Child Nutrition Disorders/prevention & control , Pediatrics
13.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 128(1): 105-10, ene. 2000.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-258095

ABSTRACT

The prevalence of obesity among children and teenagers is increasing by 1.5 percent per year, probably due to a higher consumption of highly caloric foods and to physical inactivity. Hypercholesterolemia, increased insulin levels and high blood pressure of childhood obesity, precede atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, diabetes and hypertension in adulthood. The prevention of childhood obesity is an efficient strategy to decrease the prevalence of non transmissible chronic diseases in the adult. The recommendations of experts committees for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of childhood obesity are reviewed. They aim at a change in dietary habits and increasing physical activity. A well balanced healthy diet and a decrease in physical inactivity time will result in a successful treatment approach for obesity


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Obesity/prevention & control , Infant Nutrition Disorders/diagnosis , Infant Nutrition Disorders/therapy , Obesity/diagnosis , Obesity/therapy , Metabolic Diseases/diagnosis , Metabolic Diseases/therapy , Child Nutrition Disorders/diagnosis , Child Nutrition Disorders/therapy
14.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 4(1): 32-39, jul. 1998. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-466235

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o impacto de um programa de suplementação alimentar sobre o crescimento de crianças desnutridas com menos de 5 anos no município de Guariba, estado de São Paulo, Brasil. A amostra foi constituída por 469 crianças desnutridas freqüentes em um programa de suplementação alimentar da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde. As crianças foram subdivididas em quatro grupos, segundo o tempo de freqüência no programa: no grupo 1, as crianças freqüentavam o programa há 12 meses; no grupo 2, entre 12 e 24 meses; no grupo 3, de 24 a 36 meses; e no grupo 4, há mais do que 35 meses. Foram calculados os percentis de peso e altura por idade e peso por altura de cada criança. Para avaliar o impacto do programa, foram construídas curvas de referência para o perfil antropométrico, baseadas nas variações esperadas dos percentis da população. As mudanças observadas em cada grupo foram analisadas estatisticamente (McNemar). Nos grupos 1 e 2 houve recuperação do peso e adequação do peso por altura para as crianças mais severamente desnutridas; no grupo 3 houve manutenção do peso por altura e uma discreta tendência de recuperação do peso, que foi revertida no grupo 4, no qual o peso das crianças foi baixo para a altura. O programa de suplementação alimentar minimizou temporariamente os déficit nutricionais severos, porém não foi suficiente para a recuperação e manutenção do crescimento.


The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of a feeding supplementation program on the growth of undernourished children younger than 5 years in the city of Guariba, state of São Paulo, Brazil. The sample consisted of 469 malnourished children enrolled in a feeding supplementation program sponsored by the State Health Secretariat. The children were divided into four groups according to how long they had been enrolled in the program: in group 1, the children had been enrolled for up to 12 months; in group 2, from 12 to 24 months; in group 3 from 24 to 36 months; and in group 4 the children had been enrolled for more than 35 months. Percentiles for weight/age, height/age and weight/height were calculated for each child. To assess the impact of the program, reference curves for the anthropometric profile were constructed based on expected variations in population percentiles. The changes observed in each group were analyzed statistically (McNemar). Groups 1 and 2 presented weight recovery and gains in the weight/height ratios for the most severely malnourished children; in group 3, the weight/height ratio was maintained and there was a discrete tendency towards weight recovery, which was reversed in group 4, in which the weight was again low in relation to height. The feeding supplementation program temporarily minimized severe nutritional deficiencies but was not sufficient to recover and maintain normal growth.


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Child Nutrition Disorders , Nutrition Disorders/therapy , Nutritional Requirements , Age Factors , Analysis of Variance , Anthropometry , Body Height , Body Weight , Brazil/epidemiology , Child Nutrition Disorders/classification , Child Nutrition Disorders/therapy , Nutrition Disorders/epidemiology , Statistical Distributions
15.
Arch. venez. pueric. pediatr ; 58(2): 66-70, abr.-jun. 1995. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-185595

ABSTRACT

Se realizó un Estudio Transversal y descriptivo de 126 pacientes en edades entre 1 m. y 7 años, en el hospital "Dr. Leopoldo Manrique Terrero", durante el lapso enero-julio 1993, con la finalidad de evaluar el estado nutricional y detectar pacientes con malnutrición o a riesgo de tenerla y realizar una evaluación continúa que permitiera su recuperación nutricional. Soló un porcentaje menor al 30 por ciento recibieron lactancia materna exclusiva con un tiempo promedio menor de 3 meses. Al evaluar los indicadores de dimensión y composición pudimos realizar un diagnóstico nutricional presuntivo revelando que un 25 por ciento aproximadamente presentaba mal nutritición. De estos 32 pacientes con malnutrición, 15 acudieron a sus controles y lograron recuperarse nutricionalmente. Se resalta la importancia de tener un equipo multidisciplinario integrado por el médico, nutricionista, trabajadora social y enfermera, que permita mediante una educación adecuada lograr la recuperación nutricional


Subject(s)
Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Humans , Male , Female , Anthropometry/methods , Child Nutrition/therapy , Nutrition Rehabilitation/methods , Child Nutrition Disorders/diagnosis , Child Nutrition Disorders/therapy
16.
Rev. paul. pediatr ; 13(1): 6-9, fev. 1995. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-218960

ABSTRACT

Com o objetivo de ampliar o atendimento às crianças desnutridas internadas na Enfermaria do Núcleo de Nutriçäo, Alimentaçäo e Desenvolvimento Infantil-NUNADI e incluir as mäes dessas crianças no processo de recuperaçäo, fez-se necessária a avaliaçäo de suas personalidades, visando realizar um trabalho para melhorar o vínculo entre mäe-filho, minimizar o sofrimento causado a ambos em consequencia da hospitalizaçäo, preparar a mäe para a continuidade do tratamento e prevenir a reincidência da enferrmidade. Foram estudadas, por meio da anamnese psicológica e testes projetivos/intelectuais, no período de junho/93 a maio/94, 45 mäes, procedentes de favelas localizadas na periferia da cidade de Säo Paulo, das quais 49(pôr cento) atuaram com participantes...


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Patients' Rooms , Child, Hospitalized/psychology , Mothers/psychology , Mother-Child Relations , Psychological Tests , Child Nutrition Disorders/therapy
17.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-165794

ABSTRACT

A dienta de crianças enfermas, especialmente aquelas cardiopatas, tem influência sobre a sintomatologia e evoluçäo clínica desses pacientes. Controvérsias em relaçäo ao direcionamento dietoterápico säo comuns, exigindo capacidade de análise e conduta criteriosa. As bases do suporte nutricional em crianças cardiopatas säo revistas, com ênfase nas características da criança cardiopata e da alimentaçäo (incluindo meio de administraçäo e conteúdo) e no diagnóstico dos distúrbios nutricionais. Säo também destacadas a conduta de rotina do serviço, a experiência dos autores e a importância da interaçäo entre as equipes médica e paramédica e a família.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Diet , Diet Therapy , Heart Diseases/therapy , Child Nutrition Disorders/diagnosis , Child Nutrition Disorders/therapy
18.
Rev. paul. pediatr ; 11(2): 174-7, jun. 1993. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: lil-224436

ABSTRACT

Com a finalidade de se estudar a influência da estimulaçäo psicomotora na recuperaçäo do retardo do DNPM da criança desnutrida grave e admitindo-se que desse procedimento forma-se um forte vínculo entre a família e a equipe multiprofissional, fato importante para uma melhor aderência ao tratamento, estudaram-se 24 lactentes desnutridos graves, com idades variando de 2 a 15 meses, por um período de 12 meses, desde a internaçäo. Todos eram oriundos de famílias sócio-economicamente muito desfavorecidas. Os pesos de nascimento eram superiores a 2700 g e näo eram portadores de doenças neuromusculares. Desde a admissäo e a cada 6 meses efetuaram-se avaliaçöes psicológicas. Foi utilizado o Teste de Desenvolvimento de Brunet & Lezine, embasado na escala evolutiva de Gesell. Para a classificaçäo dos resultados QDs, utilizaram-se os critérios da OMS para deficiência mental. Ulitizou-se, como grupo-controle, um grupo histórico de desnutridos marasmáticos, avaliados pelo Gesell, sem estimulaçäo. A estimulaçäo psicomotora da criança foi realizada pela mäe, em casa, e orientada por voluntários treinados para esse fim...


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Intellectual Disability/etiology , Mother-Child Relations , Professional-Family Relations , Child Nutrition Disorders/complications , Psychomotor Disorders/therapy , Socioeconomic Factors , Child Development , Intellectual Disability/therapy , Nutrition Assessment , Child Nutrition Disorders/therapy
19.
Indian J Pediatr ; 1992 May-Jun; 59(3): 313-9
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-81818

ABSTRACT

Fifty patients of grade III & IV malnutrition with diarrhoeal dehydration were rehydrated using the WHO recommended ORS. Serum sodium and potassium levels were estimated at admission and 24 hours later. Forty seven patients were successfully rehydrated orally. In 7 patients the level of dehydration at initial assessment was overestimated. Periorbital edema developed in 25.5% of the patients rehydrated. No patient had cardiac failure or convulsions during therapy. Though persistent hyponatremia and hypokalemia were found in 10.6% and 19.15% cases respectively after rehydration, the incidence decreased as compared to the pre-hydration levels and was comparable to that found in malnourished children without diarrhea who served as controls in the present study. Oral rehydration was discontinued in three patients due to development of excessive vomiting in one case and paralytic ileus in two. Thus WHO ORS can be used safely in children with severe malnutrition but constant monitoring is required.


Subject(s)
Bicarbonates/therapeutic use , Child , Child Nutrition Disorders/therapy , Child, Preschool , Dehydration/etiology , Diarrhea/complications , Fluid Therapy , Glucose/therapeutic use , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Potassium Chloride/therapeutic use , Sodium Chloride/therapeutic use
20.
In. Meneghello Rivera, Julio. Diálogos en pediatría. Santiago de Chile, Mediterráneo, 1990. p.74-82, tab. (Diálogos en Pediatría, 3).
Monography in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-156654
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